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|status= |result= *2014 Ukrainian revolution *Removal of Viktor Yanukovych from office *Ukraine's withdrawal from CIS *Return of 2004 constitution *Oleksandr Turchynov becomes Acting President *Early presidential election *Implementation and subsequent cancellation of laws restricting civil liberties *Former Ukrainian prime minister and opposition leader, Yulia Tymoshenko freed from jail. *Occupation of local governments〔 *Banning of Party of Regions by local governments under control of anti-government activists〔 *Resignation of Prime Minister Mykola Azarov President Yanukovych offers opposition the position of Prime Minister of Ukraine〔 *Amnesty to detained protesters, in exchange for all surrendering occupied buildings and streets ("The Hostage Laws")〔(Law on amnesty of Ukrainian protesters to take effect on Feb 17 ), Interfax-Ukraine (17 February 2014)〕〔(Ukraine parliament passes protest amnesty law ). BBC. 29 January 2014〕〔(Ukraine president Viktor Yanukovych takes sick leave as amnesty, other moves fail to quell Kiev protests ). CBS news. 30 January 2014〕 *Worsening of the economic situation, including credit downgrading by American credit agencies like Moody's * Beginning of Crimean crisis and annexation by Russia * Beginning of War in Donbass and military intervention by Russia * The new Cabinet of Ukraine resumed preparations in signing of the EU Association treaty.〔(Cabinet resumed preparations for the association with the EU ). Ukrinform. 2 March 2014〕 |side1=Supporters of the European integration of Ukraine * Maidan People's Union *Student and civilian protestors *Defected police, SBU, and Berkut officers *Nationalists *Afghan War veterans *Two national churches: Orthodox (Kyivan) and Greek Catholic Parliamentary opposition parties: *Batkivshchyna * Svoboda *UDAR Other parties: *Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists * UNA–UNSO *Democratic Alliance *United Left and Peasants〔(Об’єднані ліві йдуть з Майдану ) (18 March 2014)〕 Others: *Automaidan *Vidsich *Road Control *Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People *Direct Action (trade union) *Autonomous Workers' Union * Right Sector * Spilna Sprava |side2= Government of Ukraine *18px Ministry of Internal Affairs * *14px Berkut * *Internal Troops (VV) and other special assignment units * *Road Auto Inspection (DAI) * Security Service of Ukraine Government parties: * Party of Regions Others: *Civil servants and pro-government civilian protestors *Hired supporters Political groups: *Ukrainian Front Militant groups: *Titushky *Civic Patrols (Government sanctioned vigilantes) *Red Sector〔(Responsibility for burning private vehicles of protesters was taken by the Red Sector ). TVi. 1 February 2014〕 *People's Militia of Donbass Anti-government but anti-protest *Communist Party *Russian Bloc Groups from Russia * Don Cossacks〔(Luhansk administration is being guarded by Don Cossacks ). 24tv. 26 January 2014〕 *Night Wolves |leadfigures1=Arseniy Yatsenyuk Vitali Klitschko Oleh Tyahnybok Petro Poroshenko Yuriy Lutsenko Oleksandr Turchynov Andriy Parubiy Andriy Sadovyi Ruslana〔(Musicians liven up EuroMaidan stage ), Kyiv Post (29 November 2013)〕〔 (Руслана Лижичко разом із однодумцями оголосила голодування на майдані ''Ruslana together with like-minded hunger strike on Maidan'' ), TSN (25 November 2013)〕 Tetiana Chornovol Dmytro Bulatov Dmytro Yarosh Refat Chubarov |leadfigures2=Viktor Yanukovych Mykola Azarov Serhiy Arbuzov Vitaliy Zakharchenko Oleksandr Yefremov Andriy Klyuyev Hennadiy Kernes Mikhail Dobkin Viktor Pshonka Olena Lukash Yuriy Boyko Leonid Kozhara Dmytro Tabachnyk |howmany1=Kiev: 400,000–800,000 protesters 12,000 "self-defense sotnia" Across Ukraine: 50,000 (Lviv)〔 20,000 (Cherkasy)〔 10,000+ (Ternopil) other cities and towns |howmany2=Law enforcement in Kiev: *4,000 Berkut *1,000 Internal Troops 3,000–4,000 ''titushky'' Pro-government/anti-EU demonstrations: 20,000–60,000 (Kiev) 40,000 (Kharkiv) 15,000 (Donetsk) 10,000 (Simferopol) 2,500 pro-Russia (Sevastopol) |casualties1= *Died: 104–780 *Injured: 1,850–1,900 (sought medical help as of 21 January 2014) 681 (hospitalised as of 30 January 2014) *Missing (probably abducted): 166–300〔 (as of 30 March 2014) *Arrested: 234 *Imprisoned: 140〔 |casualties2= *Died: 17〔(Список погибших в ходе акций протеста в Украине (январь-март 2014). Дополняется ) LB.ua, 15 March 2014〕 *Injured: 200–300 (sought medical help as of 21 January 2014) 52–75 policemen (hospitalised as of 2 Dec 2013)〔〔 |fatalities= |arrests= |detentions= |fined= |casualties_label= |notes= }} Euromaidan (; (ウクライナ語:Євромайдан), (ロシア語:Евромайдан), , literally "Euro Square") was a wave of demonstrations and civil unrest in Ukraine, which began on the night of 21 November 2013 with public protests in Maidan Nezalezhnosti ("Independence Square") in Kiev, demanding closer European integration. The scope of the protests expanded, with many calls for the resignation of President Viktor Yanukovych and his government.〔(Kiev protesters gather, EU and Putin joust ), Reuters (12 December 2013)〕 The protests ultimately led to the 2014 Ukrainian revolution. Many protesters joined because of the violent dispersal of protesters on 30 November and "a will to change life in Ukraine".〔 By 25 January 2014, the protests had been fuelled by the perception of "widespread government corruption", "abuse of power", and "violation of human rights in Ukraine".〔(Yanukovych Offers Opposition Leaders Key Posts ), Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (25 January 2014)〕 The protests reached a climax during mid-February. Police and protesters fired guns with both live and rubber ammunition in multiple locations in Kiev. The riot police advanced towards Maidan and clashed with the protesters but did not fully occupy it. The fights continued through the following days in which the vast majority of casualties took place. In connection with the tragic events of February 18–20 Yanukovych was forced to make concessions to the opposition to end the bloodshed in Kiev and end the sharp political crisis. Agreement on settlement of political crisis in Ukraine signed Vitaly Klitschko, Arseny Yatsenyuk, Oleh Tyahnybok. Witnessing the signing was made by the foreign Ministers of Germany and Poland, Frank-Walter Steinmeier, Radosław Sikorski and head of the Department for continental Europe of the Ministry of foreign Affairs of France Eric Fournier.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Гарантом выполнения Соглашения об урегулировании кризиса в Украине является народ - Томбинский )〕 Vladimir Lukin, representing Russia, refused to put his signature under the agreement. In late February 2014, Yanukovych and many other high government officials fled the country. Protesters gained control of the presidential administration and Yanukovych's private estate. A while later, the parliament removed Yanukovych from office, replaced the government with a pro-European one, and ordered that Yulia Tymoshenko be released from prison. In the aftermath, the Crimean crisis began amid pro-Russian unrest. Despite the controversial impeachment of Yanukovych, the installation of a new government, and the signature of the political provisions of the Ukraine-EU Association Agreement, the protests have been ongoing to sustain pressure on the government, counter pro-Russian protests, and reject Russian occupation of Ukraine. The general area of the pro-Ukraine and pro-Europe protests has shifted from Kiev and western Ukraine to include the eastern and southern areas of the country as well. ==Overview== The demonstrations began on the night of 21 November 2013, when protests erupted in the capital, Kiev, after the Ukrainian government suspended preparations for signing the Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement with the European Union, to seek closer economic relations with Russia. On 24 November 2013, clashes between protesters and police began. Protesters strived to break cordon. Police used tear gas and batons. Protesters also used tear gas and some fire crackers (according to the police, protesters were the first to use them). After a few days of demonstrations an increasing number of university students joined the protests.〔(Students in Ukraine threaten indefinite national strike ), Euronews (26 November 2013)〕 The Euromaidan has been repeatedly characterised as an event of major political symbolism for the European Union itself, particularly as "the largest ever pro-European rally in history." The protests continued despite heavy police presence,〔(Live updates of the protests ), Kyiv Post (27, 28 and 29 November 2013)〕〔(Protests continue in Kyiv ahead of Vilnius EU summit ), Euronews (27 November 2013)〕 regularly sub-freezing temperatures, and snow. Escalating violence from government forces in the early morning of 30 November caused the level of protests to rise, with 400,000–800,000 protesters, according to Russia's opposition politician Boris Nemtsov, demonstrating in Kiev on the weekends of 1 December〔 and 8 December. In the preceding weeks, protest attendance had fluctuated from 50,000 to 200,000 during organised rallies.〔(Ukraine pro-Europe protesters hold first big rally of 2014 ), Reuters (12 January 2014)〕 Violent riots took place 1 December and 19 January through 25 January in response to police brutality and government repression. Starting 23 January, several Western Ukrainian Oblast (province) Governor buildings and regional councils were occupied in a revolt by Euromaidan activists.〔 In the Russophone cities of Zaporizhzhya, Sumy, and Dnipropetrovsk, protesters also tried to take over their local government building, and were met with considerable force from both police and government supporters.〔 According to journalist Lecia Bushak writing in 18 February 2014 issue of ''Newsweek'' magazine, EuroMaidan () grown into something far bigger than just an angry response to the fallen-through EU deal. It's now about ousting Yanukovych and his corrupt government; guiding Ukraine away from its 200-year-long, deeply intertwined and painful relationship with Russia; and standing up for basic human rights to protest, speak and think freely and to act peacefully without the threat of punishment. A turning point came in late February, when enough members of the president's party fled or defected for the party to lose its majority in parliament, leaving the opposition large enough to form the necessary quorum. This allowed parliament to pass a series of laws that removed police from Kiev, cancelled anti-protest operations, restored the 2004 constitution, freed political detainees, and removed President Yanukovych from office. Yanukovych then fled to Ukraine's second largest city of Kharkiv, refusing to recognise the parliament's decisions. The parliament assigned early elections for May 2014. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Euromaidan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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